When a debris field is created, you have a chance to form a moon, and the chance hits....... Does the moon get created immediately? Do you have to allow the debris to float around for a while? Do you get a the predicted chance % in intervals of time? If so how long are these intervals?
 
 
Thanks

Blowsmoke, why not ask your mentor? You are sure to get a quicker response than posting on the forum. And these are questions a mentor could help you with.
 However, to answer your question, if a moon is formed after battle then it is created immediately. The maximum chance of a moon being created is only ever 25%. I have seen players who leave debris floating around until it becomes high enough that a smaller battle will create a moon, but whether this is an effective way to do it, I am not sure. Perhaps your mentor could tell you. 
 Hope that helps :)
 

I did some testing and small attacks will not trigger the moon creation. From what I've seen of battle reports that form a moon, the chance is only 250k/amount of debris formed from the battle. The small issue with that statement is that one report showed a conflict that produced enough debris for a 20% chance to create a moon while there was another 15-20mil debris in orbit and the chance gained the extra 5% for the maximum of 25%. 

On the subject of interval chances, I've been told that moons can only be formed as a violent concentration of mass, and as such there is no chance for a gradual formation.

My next theory on moon crafting is to test if loading debris into cargo ships and killing them against planetary defenses will generate a moon creation chance more efficiently. If I'm correct we could load 6.25mil metal/minerals (minus 30% of the cargo fleets production cost) into cargo ships for a 25% creation chance and continually destroy and recollect the debris until it forms.

Varkolak, Do not waste your time and your resources in killing cargo ships against planetary defenses. It will not form a moon. Why don't you check it up with the the simulator (here). You are under 25k points, so you can test  as many times you want without any cost.

The simulator can't show what happens if you load them with resources, my test will be something simple like an overlord with 20k metal to see if the debris formed is 20k or the 1-2k from just the ships debris, but this is an experiment for later.